Emergency Communication Governance in Smart Cities
A Theoretical Architecture for Resilient Municipalities
Keywords:
emergency communication, smart cities, governance, civil defense, urban resilienceAbstract
A comunicação de emergência depende não apenas de infraestrutura tecnológica, mas também de coordenação institucional, confiança pública, acessibilidade e capacidade de alcançar populações diversas. Este artigo tem como objetivo propor uma arquitetura teórica para a governança da comunicação de emergência em cidades inteligentes. Adota-se uma abordagem teórico-integrativa que articula governança multinível, sistemas de alerta, telecomunicações de emergência, inclusão e resiliência urbana. Como resultado, propõe-se uma arquitetura formada por autoridade institucional definida, interoperabilidade, redundância entre canais digitais e analógicos, mensagens acessíveis e acionáveis, participação comunitária e aprendizagem posterior aos eventos. A síntese indica que cidades tecnologicamente avançadas podem permanecer vulneráveis quando dependem de um único canal, não alcançam grupos expostos ou apresentam fragmentação entre defesa civil, saúde, telecomunicações e governos locais. Conclui-se que resiliência comunicacional corresponde à capacidade sociotécnica de manter informações confiáveis, compreensíveis e úteis antes, durante e depois das crises.
Academic Metrics
- Downloads 3
- Views 39
This article does not yet have a registered DOI; some metrics are unavailable.
Downloads
References
Albino, V., Berardi, U., & Dangelico, R. M. (2015). Smart cities: Definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2014.942092
Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543-571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
Argyris, C., & Schön, D. A. (1978). Organizational learning: A theory of action perspective. Addison-Wesley.
Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35(4), 216-224. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366908977225
Basher, R. (2006). Global early warning systems for natural hazards: Systematic and people-centred. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 364(1845), 2167-2182. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1819
Boin, A., & 't Hart, P. (2003). Public leadership in times of crisis: Mission impossible? Public Administration Review, 63(5), 544-553. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6210.00318
Boin, A., 't Hart, P., Stern, E., & Sundelius, B. (2005). The politics of crisis management: Public leadership under pressure. Cambridge University Press.
Bozeman, B. (2007). Public values and public interest: Counterbalancing economic individualism. Georgetown University Press.
Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C., & Nijkamp, P. (2011). Smart cities in Europe. Journal of Urban Technology, 18(2), 65-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2011.601117
Coaffee, J. (2013). Resilient cities: Urban planning, risk and disaster management. Routledge.
Comfort, L. K. (2007). Crisis management in hindsight: Cognition, communication, coordination, and control. Public Administration Review, 67(s1), 189-197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00827.x
Coombs, W. T. (2007). Protecting organization reputations during a crisis: The development and application of situational crisis communication theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10(3), 163-176. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1550049
Cutter, S. L., Boruff, B. J., & Shirley, W. L. (2003). Social vulnerability to environmental hazards. Social Science Quarterly, 84(2), 242-261. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6237.8402002
Dawes, S. S. (2009). Stewardship and usefulness: Policy principles for information-based transparency. Government Information Quarterly, 27(4), 377-383.
Deetz, S. (2001). Conceptualizing organization-stakeholder communication. Management Communication Quarterly, 15(1), 51-60. https://doi.org/10.1177/0893318901151003
Drabek, T. E. (1986). Human system responses to disaster: An inventory of sociological findings. Springer-Verlag.
Eubanks, V. (2018). Automating inequality: How high-tech tools profile, police, and punish the poor. St. Martin's Press.
Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2003). Unraveling the central state, but how? Types of multi-level governance. American Political Science Review, 97(2), 233-243. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000305540300064X
International Organization for Standardization. (2018). ISO 22320:2018 - Security and resilience: Emergency management - Guidelines for incident management.
Kitchin, R. (2014). The data revolution: Big data, open data, data infrastructures and their consequences. Sage.
Lindell, M. K., & Perry, R. W. (2012). The protective action decision model: Theoretical modifications and additional evidence. Risk Analysis, 32(4), 616-632. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01647.x
Meerow, S., Newell, J. P., & Stults, M. (2016). Defining urban resilience: A review. Landscape and Urban Planning, 147, 38-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.11.011
Mileti, D. S., & Sorensen, J. H. (1990). Communication of emergency public warnings: A social science perspective and state-of-the-art assessment. Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Morozov, E. (2013). To save everything, click here: The folly of technological solutionism. PublicAffairs.
Ostrom, E. (1996). Crossing the great divide: Coproduction, synergy, and development. World Development, 24(6), 1073-1087. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(96)00023-X
Palen, L., & Anderson, K. M. (2016). Crisis informatics—New data for extraordinary times. Science, 353(6296), 224-225. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aag2579
Perry, R. W., & Lindell, M. K. (2003). Understanding citizen response to disasters with implications for terrorism. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 11(2), 49-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.1102001
Piattoni, S. (2009). Multi-level governance: A historical and conceptual analysis. European Integration Online Papers, 13(2), 1-25.
Quarantelli, E. L. (1988). Disaster crisis management: A summary of research findings. Journal of Management Studies, 25(4), 373-385. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1988.tb00043.x
Reynolds, B., & Seeger, M. W. (2005). Crisis and emergency risk communication as an integrative model. Journal of Health Communication, 10(1), 43-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730590904571
Sutton, J., Palen, L., & Shklovski, I. (2008). Backchannels on the front lines: Emergent uses of social media in the 2007 southern California wildfires. Proceedings of the 5th International ISCRAM Conference, 624-632.
Torraco, R. J. (2016). Writing integrative literature reviews: Using the past and present to explore the future. Human Resource Development Review, 15(4), 404-428. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484316671606
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. (2015). Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction 2015-2030. United Nations.
United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction. (2005). Hyogo framework for action 2005-2015: Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. United Nations.
Wachinger, G., Renn, O., Begg, C., & Kuhlicke, C. (2013). The risk perception paradox—Implications for governance and communication of natural hazards. Risk Analysis, 33(6), 1049-1065. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01942.x
Waugh, W. L., & Streib, G. (2006). Collaboration and leadership for effective emergency management. Public Administration Review, 66(s1), 131-140. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00673.x
Weick, K. E. (1988). Enacted sensemaking in crisis situations. Journal of Management Studies, 25(4), 305-317. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1988.tb00039.x
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Articles published by Noemica Journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). Sharing and adapting the content is permitted for any purpose, provided appropriate credit is given to the authors and the original publication.
